时间:2022-04-18 编辑:
Android OS is a stack of different software components. Android architecture is basically divided into five sections and four layers. The various sections and layers are illustrated below.
Android OS是一堆不同的软件组件。 Android体系结构基本上分为五个部分和四个层次。 各个部分和层如下所示。
Linux kernel
Linux内核
Libraries
图书馆
Android Runtime
Android执行阶段
Application Framework
应用框架
Applications
应用领域
Lets discuss them one by one in detail.
让我们详细讨论它们。
It is like heart of android operating system and present at the bottom of android architecture.
就像android操作系统的心脏一样,它出现在android体系结构的底部。
Linux kernel contains essential hardware drivers like display, audio, camera, bluetooth, wifi, etc.
Linux内核包含必不可少的硬件驱动程序,例如显示器,音频,摄像头,蓝牙,wifi等。
It provides functionalities such as power management, process management and memory management.
它提供了功能,例如电源管理,过程管理和内存管理。
The first android version 1.0 was built using Linux kernel version 2.6.
第一个Android版本1.0是使用Linux内核版本2.6构建的。
It provides a level of abstraction between device hardware and upper layers of Android software stack.
它提供了设备硬件和Android软件堆栈的上层之间的抽象级别。
Above Linux kernel there are native libraries such as SQLite, WebKit, OpenGL, SSL, etc. Some of these libraries are briefly explained below.
在Linux内核之上,有本机库,例如SQLite,WebKit,OpenGL,SSL等。下面简要说明其中一些库。
SQLite – It provides various classes used for database management. WebKit – It is a web browser engine used to display internet content. SSL – It provides internet security. OpenGL – It is a Java interface to the OpenGL ES 3D graphics rendering API.
SQLite –提供用于数据库管理的各种类。 WebKit –这是一个用于显示Internet内容的Web浏览器引擎。 SSL –提供互联网安全性。 OpenGL –它是OpenGL ES 3D图形渲染API的Java接口。
It is third section which is also present on the second layer from bottom of Android architecture.
这是第三部分,也是第二部分,从Android体系结构的底部开始。
Android runtime provides core libraries and Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM).
Android运行时提供了核心库和Dalvik虚拟机(DVM)。
These core libraries enable Android developers to write Android applications using standard Java programming language.
这些核心库使Android开发人员可以使用标准Java编程语言编写Android应用程序。
Dalvik Virtual Machine is a major component of Android OS. It is same as like Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
Dalvik虚拟机是Android OS的主要组件。 它与Java虚拟机(JVM)相同 。
DVM is responsible for running Android applications. It consumes less memory and provides very fast performance.
DVM负责运行Android应用程序。 它消耗更少的内存并提供非常快的性能。
Note: From Android version 4.4, the DVM is replaced by ART
注意:从Android 4.4版开始,DVM被ART取代
It is the fourth section and third layer present on the top of native libraries and android runtime.
这是本机库和android运行时顶部的第四部分和第三层。
Application framework provides various API’s like activity manager, resource manager, content providers, telephony manager, etc.
应用程序框架提供了各种API,例如活动管理器,资源管理器,内容提供商,电话管理器等。
These API’s are used by Android application developers.
这些API由Android应用程序开发人员使用。
Applications layer is present at the top. Various applications created by developers like games, contacts, browser, etc are installed on this layer.
应用程序层位于顶部。 由开发人员创建的各种应用程序,例如游戏,联系人,浏览器等,都安装在此层上。